Articles by Leslie L. Clark, PhD, MS
Article
1/1/2019
Leptospirosis is a widespread and highly prevalent bacterial zoonotic disease that is caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. It is transmitted to humans primarily through contact of abraded skin or mucous membranes with water or wet soil that has been contaminated with infected animal urine. Many wild and domestic animals are susceptible to infection by pathogenic Leptospira bacteria including rats, dogs, cattle, goats, sheep, and swine. Once chronically infected, a carrier animal can shed Leptospira bacteria in urine for long periods of time and Leptospira bacteria can survive in water or soil for weeks to months.higher among non-Hispanic white service members compared with those in other race/ethnicity groups. In both sexes, the annual rates of adrenal insufficiency and other disorders of adrenal gland increased slightly during the 16-year period.31.6 per 100,000 active component service members in 2017. Validation of ICD-9/ICD-10 diagnostic codes for MetS using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria is needed to establish the level of agreement between the two methods for identifying this condition.
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